Faculty of Arts and General studies

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Open Access
Achieving higher GDP growth rates in Ghana
(Academic Research International, 2013-07) Enu, Patrick; Havi, E.D.K.; Osei-Gyimah, F.; Attah-Obeng, Prudence; Opoku, C.D.K.
The study is on achieving higher GDP growth in Ghana: which sector is to lead. The main objective of this paper was to examine the contributions of the agricultural, service and industrial sectors to economic growth in Ghana. Time series data from 1966 to 2011 on all the variables of interest was obtained from the World Development Indicators 2012 series. The Ordinary Least Squares estimation technique was used for the analysis. The results showed that a 1% increase in the growth of the agricultural sector will cause GDP growth to increase by 0.452849%. Also, a 1% increase in the growth of the services sector will lead to 0.376308% increase in GDP growth. Finally, 1% increase in the growth of the industrial sector will bring 0.1827% increase in GDP growth. All the explanatory variables are statistically significant at the 5% level of significance. It is concluded that the agriculture sector contributed most to the overall growth. It is recommended that for Ghana to achieve higher GDP growth rate, she should activate/strengthen the agricultural sector to lead the growth in the Ghanaian economy
Open Access
Analysis of the Agricultural Sector of Ghana and Its Economic Impact on Economic Growth
(Academic Research International, 2014-07) Enu, Patrick
The research seeks to determine the impact of the agricultural sector on Ghana’s economic growth and the effect of the various sub- sectors of the agricultural sectors on Ghana’s economic growth. The study uses time series (1996-2006) data on agriculture, service, industry and the various sub-sectors under agriculture, which includes forestry, fishery, crops/ livestock and cocoa. A regression model was specified and OLS was employed to estimate the respective impact of agriculture, service and industry on GDP growth. At the end of the study agricultural output had a significantly positive impact on Ghana’s growth as compared to the other sectors (agricultural output (0.354515); service output (0.283401); industrial sector (0.303257)). In addition, the study further analysed the effect of the various sub sectors under agricultural sector in GDP growth since the agricultural sector contributed more significantly to GDP. At the end of the study cocoa subsector was identified to be vital to economic growth and development in Ghana. Hence, the cocoa subsector should continue to be priority position even with the discovery of oil
Open Access
Analysis of variance of diabetic neuropathic pain interference, intensity and hypertension types in Ghana
(2022-03-21) Adzika, Vincent; Appiah-Poku, John; Mensah, David; Pedro, Athena; Ahorlu, Collins; Kantanka, Safo; Quasie, Olga
Diabetic Neuropathic Pain (PDN) is the most prevalent chronic complication of diabetes and affects 30– 90% of patients with adjuvant complications. Hypertension has been found to increase the risk of longterm vascular complications of Type 2 diabetes mellitus which includes peripheral sensory diabetic neuropathic pain. However, the relationship between Diabetic Neuropathic Pain Interference, Intensity and Hypertension types among Type 2 Diabetes has not been extensively investigated. This study investigates the relationship between hypertension PDN intensity interference and pain intensity. The research design was a cross-sectional descriptive design. A sample of 125 participants was systematically selected for the study A demographic questionnaire and the Brief Pain Inventory for Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy was used to collect the data. ANOVA was used to determine whether there is an association, between the hypertension types and PDN pain intensity and interference. The study concluded that there was no relationship between Hypertension types and PDN intensity and interference. The study further discovered that whether a patient had normal hypertension, prehypertension, stage 1 hypertension, or Stage 2 hypertension, they felt equal pain
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Assessing the Influence of Parenting Styles and Gender on Career Choice among Undergraduate Students of Methodist University College Ghana
(Texila International Journal of Academic Research, 2014-08-04) Abomah, Peter Worlanyo
The study assessed the parenting style and gender influence on the career choice of undergraduate students of a private tertiary institution in Accra Ghana. A Cluster sampling technique was employed to collect data. A sample size of 160 respondents, made up of 62 males and 98 females of the Methodist University College, participated in this study. Standardised questionnaires were used to collect data from respondents. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression techniques in SPSS were applied to test the hypotheses of the study. The findings indicated that parenting styles reliably predict career choices among both male and female undergraduates. Democratic and strict parenting styles had a positive and significant influence on career choice. Gender difference had a negative influence on career choice. Permissive parenting style, uninvolved-neglectful parenting style, educational level of students, and age of students were statistically insignificant on career choice of students.
Open Access
An Assessment of tutor characteristics and student ICT competencies in Colleges of Education in Ghana
(European journal of education studies, 2020) Yeboah, William; Sarpong, Pious Akwasi; Appiah, Bright
The rapid growth of the global economy and the information-based society has pressurized education systems around the world to use ICTs to teach the knowledge and skills students need in the 21st Century. The growth of the ICT sector has challenged teachers to prepare for effective use of new teaching and learning tools in their profession. This study sought to examine teacher experience and qualifications as well as student ICT competencies (skills and knowledge). The mixed method approach was employed for the study. A total of 352 respondents made up of 8 principals, 24 tutors and 320 teacher trainees from all the eight colleges were sampled. Data is gathered through open-ended questions that provide direct quotations with the interviewer as an integral part of the investigation. Three research questions guided the study. The research questions were answered using charts, frequency and percentages. The findings established that that the intensive use of ICT and the process-oriented learning environment supported the development of students’ expertise in ICT and enhanced students in critical thinking skills. The study recommends that students should be involved in using ICT in learning activities such as doing assignments, taking quizzes, and searching the internet for learning resources among others.
Open Access
Benefits of fire insurance and consequences of noncompliance in Ghana
(Globus: Journal of Methodist University College Ghana, 2015) Enu, Patrick; Osei-Gyimah, Frank; Eleke, Aboagye P.
The topic of the study is Benefits of Fire Insurance and Consequences of Noncompliance. This study was carried out to determine the level of public awareness of insurance benefits and to identify the reasons for non- compliance with fire insurance policies. Convenience sampling technique was used in the collection of data. The study indicated that electrical faults, carelessness, improper use of LPG gas and illegal connections cause fire outbreaks. Most Ghanaians do not comply with fire insurance policy; hence they do not know the benefit of fire insurance policy. Ghanaians do not comply with fire insurance policy due to inadequate education on fire insurance policies and their benefits, insurance companies not being reliable, lack of enforcement of the Insurance Act 2006, Act 724 section 184, and lack of interest in the fire insurance policy. Also the economy experiences unemployment, loss of property, loss of lives, decreases in output and low level of investment whenever there are fire outbreaks. The study revealed that the majority of Ghanaians are not aware of the Insurance Policy Act and its associated benefits. It is recommended that active education about the benefits of insurance and strict enforcement procedures should be followed.
Open Access
Body Type, Self-Esteem and Assertiveness among High School Students in Ghana
(Journal of Advocacy, Research and Education, 2016-08-01) Bruce, Daniel
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between body type, self-esteem and assertiveness among adolescents of ages between 13 and 19 years. To achieve this aim, the study sampled 56 male and 94 female adolescents of the Senior High School in Accra, Ghana. Results showed that, higher self-esteem leads to assertiveness. Results also showed that body type perception affects self-esteem. It is, therefore, recommended that Guidance and Counselling officers in our schools should educate adolescent students on the three body types and the advantages associated with being one of these body types. This may help prevent developing body dysmorphic disorder, low self-esteem and non-assertiveness among students with negative perceptions of their body types and the possible effects on their personal relationships with peers, general academic performance and in- school and out-of- school life.
Open Access
Cognitive return migration: factors that shape returning the mind in situ to invest in a homeward future in Ghana
(Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, 2025-02-10) Bekoe, Adolf Awuku
Cognitive migration, the process of mentally travelling ahead of one’s actual physical move, is receiving attention in migration studies. However, the reverse process of mentally returning after failing to move physically, has not received much attention. What are the enablers to this return process? I answer this question to make a case for cognitive return migration. Through the in-depth interviewing of 11 immobile cognitive returnees, the study explores the experiences of these prospective migrants, who displace their migration imaginations outward and later reconfigure them homewards without physically moving. By initially becoming cognitive migrants and being cognitively displaced, these prospective migrants fail to physically travel to their imagined destinations. This creates a situation where their imagination of the distal sphere overwrites their proximal, hereand-now embodied experience. In this state, they invest all their resources, time and money in furtherance of their repeatedly botched dreams of travelling to the imagined destination. This failure starts a cognitive return process that foregrounds the consciousness of the proximal, here-and-now sphere, enabling them to seize opportunities they had earlier not ‘seen’ or discounted to invest in a homeward future.
Open Access
Competitive Tendering, an Effective Tool in Ensuring Value for Money in Public Sector Procurement: A Case Study at “Ahanta West District Assembly” A District in the Western Part of Ghana
(Global Journal of Management Studies and Researches, 2014) Ackah, David; Agboyi, Makafui R.; Adu-Gyamfi, Lydia; Enu, Patrick
This research report was carried out on the topic, “competitive tendering as an effective tool in ensuring value for money in public sector procurement’’. The main objective for this study was to examine how competitive tendering could be used as an effective tool to achieve value for money in public sector procurement at the Ahanta West District Assembly. The researcher administered twenty (20) questionnaires to some selected departments in the organization, specifically the procurement unit, the stores department, the accounting department and then the engineering department. The researcher used purposive sampling as a technique to gather ample information for this work. By purposive sampling, the researcher targeted those departments within the organization whose daily activities have direct bearing on procurement. Information gathered were analyzed critically and presented in the form of tables which is readily understandable. It was found out from the analyses that the Ahanta West District Assembly uses the competitive tendering methods in awarding most of their contracts thereby procuring goods, works and services at affordable and competitive prices. However the major problem identified was that, the processes involved are seen to be complex more especially for some contractors and those employees who have little knowledge in procurement when it comes to works and also the problem of political interference .The researcher finally recommended that series of workshops and seminars should be organized for both procurement officers especially new ones who have little knowledge in practical procurement when it comes to works and potential contractors so that they will have more insight into what goes into the preparations or processing of tender documents and lastly the Public Procurement Authority (PPA) should institute measures to monitor the adherence to the public procurement Act 663 in all public institutions.
Open Access
Demand for money and long run stability in Ghana: a cointegration approach
(European Scientific Journal, 2014-05) Havi, Emmanuel Dodzi K.; Enu, Patrick; Opoku, C.D.K.
This paper examined the demand for broad money and its long run stability in Ghana. Multivariate time series approach was used. Since all the variables are integrated of order one, Johansen's cointegration approach is used to establish that the variables are cointegrated. Hence, vector error correction model was used to find the determinants of broad money. Also, CUMSUM and CUMSUMSQ plots are used to check the long run stability of the demand function. It was established that nominal foreign interest rate and expected inflation were long run determinants of demand for money while real income and nominal exchange rate were short run determinants. Also, it was found that the long run broad money demand function was stable over the period under consideration. It was recommended that monetary policy authorities should continue to implement policies that will enhance macroeconomic stability (price stability) and facilitate economic growth.
Open Access
The driving forces of the service sector of the Ghanaian economy
(Global Journal of Management Studies and Researches, 2015) Enu, Patrick; Addey, Augustina Abena; Okonkwo, Cyril Bonaventure
The service sector in Ghana over the years has seen a tremendous growth, displacing both the agricultural and industrial sectors. Thus it is fitting to examine what drives this growth in the service sector of Ghana and also determine which of the sub-sectors is more potent. To achieve this, two models were specified. The method of Ordinary Least Squares estimation technique was employed to determine the potency of the service sub-sectors (transport and communication, tourism, financial institutions, health and education) and also to determine the contributions and impact of some macroeconomic variables (labour force, capital, real gross domestic product, service export and service import) on service output in Ghana. The study findings that financial institutions are the sub-sector that drives service output in Ghana. Also labour force and real gross domestic product per capita were determined as the key macroeconomic variables that drive the service sector growth in Ghana. Based on this, the study recommends that more investment be made in such areas
Open Access
An Econometric Analysis of the Relationship between Gdp Growth Rate and Exchange Rate in Ghana
(Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2013) Attah-Obeng, Prudence; Enu, Patrick; Osei-Gyimah, F.; Opoku, C.D.K.
This study attempts to examine the relationship between GDP growth rate and exchange rate in Ghana from the period 1980 to 2012. The paper employs the graphing of the scatter diagram for the two variables which are GDP growth rate and exchange rate, establishes the correlation between GDP growth rate and exchange rate using the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) and finally estimates the simple linear regression using OLS. Further tests were performed to test for the presence of autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity. Autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity were found to be absent. From our analyses, we strongly conclude that there is a positive relationship between GDP growth rate and exchange rate in Ghana which confirms to the theory that undervaluation (high exchange rate) stimulates economic growth in the short run. Therefore, policy makers should stabilise monetary and fiscal policies in the long run
Open Access
The effect of fiscal policy and monetary policy on Ghana’s economic growth: Which policy is more potent?
(International Journal of Empirical Finance, 2014) Havi, Emmanuel Dodzi K.; Enu, Patrick
The aims of this study were to examine the relative importance of monetary policy and fiscal policy on economic growth in Ghana and then determine which of these two policies is more powerful in promoting economic growth in Ghana. The study period was from 1980 to 2012. The method of Ordinary Least Squares estimation technique was used in this study. The results obtained from the three multiple regressions were spurious free. The study revealed that monetary policy impacts on the Ghanaian economy positively. Also, the study found that fiscal policy affected the Ghanaian economy positively. Finally, the study revealed that monetary policy is more powerful in promoting economic growth in Ghana. The study recommends that monetary policies implemented by the Bank of Ghana should promote favorable investment atmosphere through appropriate stabilization of interest rates, lending rates, inflationary rates, and exchange rates to promote and ensure economic growth, economic stability, economic sustainability and economic development in Ghana
Open Access
Effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on the Delivery of Banking Services in Ghana
(Global Journal of Management Studies and Researches, 2015) Enu, Patrick; Gberbi, James Tetteh
The study seek to examine the awareness of Information and Communication Technology banking among customers; to analyze the usage of Information and Communication Technology in banking and to identify the benefits of Information and Communication Technology in banking. Convenience sampling technique was employed by the study. Questionnaire was used to collect the data. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the data collected. Descriptive statistics (percentages and frequencies) was used to make inferences from the data analyzed. The findings regarding the study revealed that majority of the respondents (90%) have heard of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) whiles 10% said they were not aware of any banking services called Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The result also reveals that 41.1% use only ATM cards, the most widely used ICT products within the banks for transactions, however, significant proportion of respondents (22.2%) also uses combinations of ICT products. Results again show that ninety (90%) of respondents believed that ICT products and services have a positive effect, the most prominent effect was customers having more time for other businesses and administrative works get reduced drastically. Base on this, the researchers however, believed that considerable education and marketing of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) products and services of the banks will attract more customers and provide customer satisfaction.
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The effects of diminishing family and community ties on the elderly in Ghana
(Sprin Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2022-07-31) Agyemang, A.; Tei-Muno, A.N.
Over the years, family and community ties in Ghana have been a major guarantor of support provision for older persons, especially those who reside in rural areas. While the support provided by family and community members has proved to be vital in enhancing the well-being of older persons, it is also clear that the ties that exist between these sources of support and older persons are gradually diminishing. This paper highlights some implications that come with the gradual decline of communal and familial bonds for older adults.
Open Access
An estimation of the impact of energy production on economic growth in ghana
(International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 2014-11) Enu, Patrick
The main aim of this study was to determine the impact of energy production on economic growth in Ghana. The Ordinary least squares method of estimation was used to determine the values of the respective parameter estimates. The study identified that Ghana is still a developing country that needs enough energy supply to expand to become an industrialized economy. Also, the study revealed that there is a positive relationship between electricity production and economic growth despite the unstable nature of electric power supply in Ghana. The value of the impact is 0.0500175. That is, the degree of the responsiveness is 0.0500175 meaning an inelastic effect. This implies that electricity production is an input of necessity to or key to Ghana’s economic expansion and sustainability development though statistically insignificant. Therefore, the policy suggestion is that the government should continue to invest massively into energy sector of the Ghanaian economy to ensure consistent and sustainable supply of energy to the industrial, commercial and residential units of the economy in order to achieve significant impact on the overall economic growth and development of Ghana.
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Foreign direct investment and economic growth nexus in Africa
(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2019-07-23) Hagan,Edmond; Amoah,Anthony
Purpose – African countries are generally fragile. This and other related characteristics affect the potential for growth and development. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the effect of FDI on economic growth is contingent on a financial system that accounts for financial market fragility. An important point of departure from earlier studies is the adoption of a new measure of financial market fragility. Design/methodology/approach – Given the uniqueness of the data set, the study uses a panel data and estimates an econometric model using an instrumental variable approach. For robustness purposes, a pooled ordinary least square is also estimated. Findings – The study provides evidence that if the financial market is fragile as in the case of Africa, FDI inflows may have a marginally significant positive impact on economic growth. The findings suggest that fragility in the financial market is a key absorptive capacity and cannot be trivialised when exploring FDI–growth nexus in Africa. Research limitations/implications – The uniqueness of the data set limited the time period of the study. Nonetheless, the findings are still crucial to policy makers in Africa and other developing countries with similar characteristics. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study in Africa to investigate the FDI–growth nexus which accounts for financial market fragility
Open Access
Fundamental theorem of the theory of superiority complex
(International Journal of Emerging Trends in Science and Technology, 2018-07) Ayim-Aboagye, Desmond; Gyekye, Kwabena Awere; Adzika, Vincent
This article discusses Axioms of the theory of superiority complex, which is developed in the area of war, law and social psychiatry. The aim is to unfold the manner in which individuals become attached to certain ideologies and complex notions, which then repress and incubate in their unconscious minds that later reveal themselves as mental disorders. This controls their minds and actions in abnormal manners which consequently compel these individuals to act improperly in private and public lives. Complex ideas and repressed feelings are the usual manner wherein the human unconscious pours out the manufactured troubles that can lead to dissociated/split in personalities, according to psychodynamic theories. The method employed is the deductive approach which deduces the theorem from six main axioms and four definitions. Deductive reasoning usually utilises axioms and definitions which then become the basis upon which theorems and lemmas can be derived in a scientific manner. This unique approach adheres strictly to the scientific method, which reigns supreme in the way of obtaining objective knowledge which can later be tested empirically by scientists. The results furnish us with an important theorem and its corollary in medicine, which is considered the fundamental theorem for the theory of superiority complex. Individuals who harbour complex notions or ideologies tend to allow these repressed feelings to control their unconscious minds which later reveal themselves in abnormal behaviours. These are supported by Freudian and Jungian theories, in addition to more recent theories advocated by some British Psychologists, which state that the unconscious negative repressed feelings and complexes may control the inner and outer lives such that individuals may suffer the rest of their lives amidst performance of criminal activities in the lives of patients. The conclusion states that not only is the individual who possesses repressed complex ideas/ideologies has with it a latent disorder, but also where an individual is seen as having a disorder he may well reveal complex ideas as well. The implication is that no disorder is without a symptom and vice versa no symptom is without a disorder. In other words, if a patient is diagnosed as having a mental disorder, then there is a corresponding symptom which enabled doctors to have based their diagnoses upon in order to derive their sound judgment and conclusion.
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Gender differences in extractive activities: evidence from Ghana
(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2022-03-10) William Baah-Boateng; Eric Kofi Twum; Emmanuel Kwaku Akyeampong
Purpose – The study seeks to examine women’s participation in Ghana’s extractive growth-driven economy and the quality of this participation in terms of employment status and earnings relative to their male counterparts and establish whether these differences constitute discrimination for policy attention. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopts both quantitative and qualitative methodological approaches to assess the extent of gender inequality in employment and earnings in the Ghanaian extractive sector and the sources of these differences. It computes three segregation indices to ascertain the degree of unequal gender distribution of employment based on nationally representative labour force and living standards surveys followed by quantitative analysis of gender earnings differences using Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition technique. This is complemented by the results of Focus Group Discussion to go behind the numbers and examine the sources of the employment and earnings differences between men and women in extractive activities. Findings – The authors observe lower participation of women in the extractive sector, with a considerable degree of gender segregation and existence of gender earnings gap in favour of men due to differences in observable characteristics such as age, education and occupational skills. There is also evidence of existence of discrimination against women and indication of barriers that impede women’s involvement in high-earning extractive activities in Ghana. The study suggests measures to remove these barriers and improve women’s education particularly in science, technology, engineering and mathematics to address the gender imbalance in extractive activities in Ghana. Social implications – Women’s low involvement in the strong extractive growth-driven process has implication for undermining the effort of empowering women economically. Originality/value – The study draws argument from the literature and adopts a combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques to establish gender in terms of employment distribution and earnings in favour of males in the Ghanaian extractive sector. This has the effect of undermining women’s economic empowerment and exacerbating gender inequality in the country. Keywords Gender, Discrimination, Earnings, Empowerment, Segregation
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Ghanaian students' attitude towards homosexuality: a study among students of Ghana Technology University College
(Journal of Scientific Research and Studies, 2014-06-05) Agbakpe, F.K. Gladstone; Oti - Boadi Mabel; Dziwornu Emmanuel
The study examined Ghanaian students’ attitudes toward homosexuality. Three hundred and twenty eight students of the Ghana Technology University were selected with the stratified random sampling technique and administered with questionnaires to find out their attitude towards homosexuality. The study adopted the attitudes toward lesbian and gay men (ATLGM) scale. Results indicate that Ghanaian students show high levels of negative attitudes towards homosexuality. Generally, attitude towards homosexuals did not improve irrespective of the number of years of study at the university. Gender did not have a significant influence on attitude towards homosexuality, though female, Year one and two students expressed slightly higher negative attitude than their male, Year three and four students. Religion however, significantly influenced attitude towards homosexuality. Christian and Moslem students showed greater negative but similar attitudes compared to those who belonged to the Traditional African religion. Implications of these findings for attitude reformation and future research were discussed.

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